The recent controversy surrounding Echoes of War, a school play performed by Butere Girls’, has sparked nationwide debate—not only for its political themes but also for the money behind school drama productions.
The play, penned by former Kakamega Senator Cleophas Malala, was set to be performed during the Kenya Schools Drama Festival in April 2025. Its powerful themes and national spotlight have raised questions about how much scriptwriters can earn from such performances.
In an exclusive interview with TUKO.co.ke, seasoned playwright and comedian Kevin Aswani offered insight into the business side of scriptwriting, particularly in the school drama scene.
How Much is Paid per School Script?
Malala is not new to the stage—he’s reportedly written over 80 scripts. According to Aswani, the earnings from a single school play script can vary.
“For school plays, depending on the magnitude of the project, a single script can go for a maximum of KSh 100,000, and a minimum of KSh 60,000. This depends on the project, the client, and sometimes the bargaining power,” said Aswani.
Considering Echoes of War was a full-length, high-profile play aimed at nationals and laden with heavy thematic content, Aswani estimates its value would lean toward the higher end of the pay scale.
If each of Malala’s 85 scripts was sold at the minimum price of KSh 60,000, he could have earned approximately KSh 5.1 million. On the upper end, at KSh 100,000 per script, that figure rises to KSh 8.5 million.
But that’s not the whole picture.
Aswani explained that scriptwriting revenue doesn’t stop with selling the script. “There is some money attached to the training sessions after the script is sold. There is the first stage, then county level, and then nationals, guaranteeing additional income that comes from coaching the students through those stages,” he said.
If a writer also acts as a trainer, they might earn an additional KSh 10,000 per stage—local, county, and national—adding KSh 30,000 per project. Multiplied across 85 scripts, that’s an extra KSh 2.55 million in potential earnings.
What Skills Are Needed for Scriptwriting?
While the numbers may sound promising, Aswani emphasized that playwriting is not a quick-cash career. It demands consistency and deep awareness of societal trends.
“It is a career that needs consistency. You cannot just write one script and disappear for two years. The craft evolves fast, and you need to be on top of the societal issues that drive the themes,” he explained.
“You need to understand the changing lifestyles and cultures of people. The society’s culture keeps shifting, so your script must reflect those dynamics.”
The Broader Debate
The Butere Girls’ performance of Echoes of War has fueled conversations not just about income in the creative industry, but also about the rules governing school performances. Education CS Julius Ogamba criticized Malala’s involvement, citing festival guidelines that limit scriptwriting roles to teachers.
Ogamba argued that Malala, as a non-teacher, altered the play in ways that raised ethical and regulatory concerns. But Aswani countered, “Any professional playwright—and especially some with the calibre of Malala in the sector—can write and direct school plays.”
As schools continue to serve as platforms for both civic education and creative expression, the story of Echoes of War is a reminder of the power and value behind every performance—both in influence and in income.
Mistakenly sending money to the wrong till or paybill number on M-Pesa is more common than you think. And when it happens, it can be frustrating—especially if the amount is significant. The good news? Safaricom has made it easier to reverse such transactions in just a few steps.
What To Do If You Send Money to the Wrong Till or Paybill
According to Safaricom, you can request a reversal immediately after the transaction using either of these two options:
Option 1: Dial *456#
Go to your phone dialer and enter *456#.
Select the “Reversal Request” option.
Follow the prompts and submit your request.
Option 2: Use the M-Pesa App
Open the M-Pesa app on your smartphone.
Navigate to the “Help” or “Reversal” section.
Enter transaction details and send a request.
Safaricom advises users to act as quickly as possible after realizing a mistake. Reversals can take up to 72 hours (3 working days) to be processed.
Tip: Always double-check the till or paybill number before confirming any M-Pesa transaction.
What’s the Difference Between Till and Paybill?
Till Number (Buy Goods): Mostly used by shops, supermarkets, salons, or restaurants. It allows them to collect money and access it directly for business operations.
Paybill Number: Used for services like school fees, utilities, and subscriptions. Here, customers usually enter an account number to identify the purpose of payment.
If you’ve sent money to a Buy Goods till, Safaricom can assist directly.
However, if it was a Paybill number, you may need to contact the organization that received the money. Safaricom can still help initiate the process, but the receiving company must authorize the refund.
Common Mistakes That Lead to Wrong Transactions
Typing an extra digit or missing one.
Rushing and choosing the wrong saved paybill.
Confusing similar-sounding businesses with different till numbers.
Safaricom has the Hakikisha feature to help confirm recipient names, but mistakes can still happen—especially if the name displayed is unclear.
Q: How long does a reversal take? A: Up to 72 working hours after submitting the request.
Q: Can I reverse a transaction made to a personal number instead of a till or paybill? A: Yes, the process is the same—dial *456# or use the app.
Q: What if the business refuses to return the money? A: Safaricom will try to help, but for paybills, the final decision may lie with the company involved.
Q: Is there a charge for requesting a reversal? A: No, requesting a reversal is free.
Q: Can I reverse a payment after 24 hours? A: It’s best to act immediately. While you can still request after some time, the chances of success reduce the longer you wait.
In short, don’t panic if you send money to the wrong place—just act fast. Safaricom’s systems are set up to help, but being careful before hitting “Send” is still your best bet.
Did you know that a lot of politicians are polygamous in Kenya. Let alone Kenya, nearly 30% of politicians in Africa have more than one wife.
Also, did you know that Esther Passari is a second wife, year, she is in a polygamous marriage, and owns it unapologetically!
For a long time, many women in Kenya shied away from polygamous marriages, mostly out of fear of judgment. Being a second or third wife came with whispers, side-eyes, and societal stigma. But times have changed. Ever since former president Uhuru Kenyatta signed the 2014 law allowing men to marry multiple wives, the game shifted. Now, more people are embracing polygamy openly and some politicians are leading the charge, quite literally with their wives by their sides.
Let’s take a look at a few prominent names in Kenyan politics who proudly live the polygamous life.
1. Esther Passaris
Yes, you read that right. Nairobi Woman Representative Esther Muthoni Passaris is in a polygamous marriage. She’s married to Pius Mbugua Ngugi, the wealthy businessman behind Thika Coffee Mills a man who clearly has room in his heart (and life) for more than one partner.
How much do wedding videographers charge in Kenya? From KSh 30,000 to KSh 350,000+, this guide covers real 2026 package prices and what affects the cost.
Whatsapp/Facebook/Instagram Emoji Meaning 😀 Smiling and Affectionate Emoji Name Meaning Unicode Grinning face Joy, happiness, contentment, good mood, humor. U+1F600 Grinning face with big eyes Good… Read more: Meaning of Emojis in Kenya
2. Boni Khalwale
The “bullfighter” of Kakamega, Senator Boni Khalwale, never shies away from talking about his family or his wives, Josephine and Adelide. The doctor-turned-politician embraces his polygamous status with pride, often mentioning them in public.
3. Danson Mungatana
Former Ganze MP Danson Mungatana is another politician with a complex love life. Known for his relationships with former Miss Kenya Cecilia Mwangi and ex-TV anchor Mwanaisha Chidzuga, Mungatana is said to have yet another wife beyond the two public figures. He has children with both Cecilia and Mwanaisha, keeping him firmly in the polygamy lane.
4. Oscar Sudi
Kapseret MP Oscar Sudi is also part of the club. The vocal legislator is married to two women: Lilian and Ann. And he’s not the type to keep it lowkey both wives are acknowledged in his life, and he moves with confidence.
5. Cate Waruguru
Former Laikipia Woman Rep Cate Waruguru made headlines in 2019 when she proudly declared herself a second wife to lawyer William Kigen. She didn’t bat an eyelid about her choice, famously saying that being a second wife is better than being a single baby mama. Her stance stirred debate and admiration in equal measure.
6. Francis Atwoli
COTU boss Francis Atwoli is no stranger to the spotlight or to polygamy. The outspoken trade unionist is married to three women: Jenifer Khainza, Roselinder Simiyu, and TV journalist Mary Kilobi. Atwoli often gushes about his wives, especially the youngest, Mary, who is frequently seen by his side at public events.
7. Ayub Savula
The Lugari MP has taken polygamy to architectural levels; literally. He built identical mansions for his two wives back in his rural home. A former journalist, Savula doesn’t mind sharing the spotlight with both women, whom he treats equally, at least in terms of real estate.
8. Moses Wetang’ula
Bungoma Senator Moses Wetang’ula’s polygamous status was made public in 2013 when one of his wives sued him for child neglect. According to her, their relationship started as cohabitation but was later formalized through a Bukusu customary marriage in 2011. The legal battle may have been messy, but it also confirmed his multiple unions.
9. Dalmas Otieno
Former Cabinet Minister Dalmas Otieno added a third wife to his family in 2013 during a traditional ceremony in Homa Bay. It was a colorful celebration that raised eyebrows and confirmed his polygamous lifestyle. For Dalmas, three’s not a crowd, it’s a commitment.
Former Kisumu Senator Joy Gwendo’s case was slightly different and definitely controversial. She was involved with Thomas Mbewa, a married man. The relationship sparked rumors and backlash until Mbewa publicly defended her, saying his first wife was fully aware of the situation. Whether you call it modern polygamy or complicated love, Joy’s story made waves.
Final Thoughts
Polygamy in Kenyan politics is no longer whispered about in corners. Love, after all, doesn’t always follow a traditional script. Whether it’s about culture, choice, or circumstance, these politicians have embraced their lifestyles openly, and in some cases, quite lavishly. Society may still debate the ethics, but these public figures aren’t hiding their truth.
Kenyan entertainment streets are buzzing again, and this time, it’s all about YY Comedian (Oliver Otieno) and actress Marya Okoth. The once-beloved couple, whose breakup in September 2024 left fans in shock, now appears to be rekindling their flame—or so it seems from their recent social media moves.
For those who’ve been out of the loop, Marya Okoth, famed for her role in A Nurse Toto and her influence as a digital content creator, dropped the bombshell on Instagram last year. She cited “unavoidable circumstances” as the reason for their split.
YY, on the other hand, stayed quiet, channeling his energy into his comedy gigs, including the launch of Okoa Ndoa, a show meant to help struggling couples. Ironically, the timing of the show coincided with his own relationship drama, which left fans divided.
Not long after, YY was linked to Noela Toywa, but that relationship didn’t last either.
Marya, meanwhile, went off the radar, focusing on motherhood and her career. However, things have taken a new twist. Social media detectives—because Kenyans never sleep—recently noticed the two following each other again on Instagram. To make it juicier, they’ve even posted about each other, sparking chatter that a reunion might be brewing.
While it’s unclear whether this is a full-blown comeback or just nostalgic vibes, one thing is certain: these two have kept us on our toes. From their whirlwind love story to their public fallout and now this possible reunion, YY and Marya’s tale is a constant reminder of the highs and lows of celebrity relationships.
The streets are talking, timelines are refreshing, and fans are either rooting for a happy ending or just enjoying the drama. Whatever happens next, YY and Marya remain a hot topic in Kenyan showbiz, proving love and limelight make one unpredictable mix. Let’s wait and see what unfolds next!
Finally, Terence Creative and Milly Chebby have decided to speak up.
For months, their fans have been asking the same question: “Mbona harusi haifanyiki?” (Why hasn’t the wedding happened?). Others have been quick to speculate, throwing around all sorts of wild rumors. Cheating, scandals… you name it.
Now, the couple has set the record straight.
In a candid conversation on Milly Chebby’s YouTube channel, the two opened up about everything—yes, everything! From the cheating allegations to why their much-anticipated wedding didn’t happen in 2024.
Terence didn’t hold back. He firmly denied claims that he was unfaithful again.
“I did not do it,” he said, shaking his head. “We have never even met. How do you cheat with someone you’ve never even seen face-to-face? It doesn’t make sense.”
He went on to say that, when the time is right, he’ll release recordings to clear his name.
“If I had messed up, I would have said it. Si ni mimi huyo? I confessed the first time, why lie now? But I won’t take blame for something I haven’t done,” he added.
Terence made it clear that he’s committed to his wife and family. And he had a word for those fueling the gossip: “Please, stop spreading lies. It’s not fair.”
The Ghost of 2019
Many will remember that in 2019, Terence found himself in hot soup. Back then, he admitted to cheating on Milly. It was all over the blogs and social media. And it broke Milly’s heart.
In an old interview with K24, Terence opened up about how bad he felt.
“I sat down and thought, Nimeharibu! I even dragged Milly into pain she didn’t deserve. It was tough. Society can be harsh. You don’t just throw away seven years of marriage because of one mistake.”
Despite everything, Milly forgave him. And that’s something Terence doesn’t take for granted.
“She gave me another chance. That’s why I work hard, both in marriage and my career,” he said.
So, What Happened to the Wedding?
2024 was supposed to be their year. Fans had hoped to see them walk down the aisle in style. But it didn’t happen. And tongues wagged.
Some said Terence was dragging his feet. Others hinted at drama behind the scenes.
But Milly was quick to set the record straight.
“We had planned for the wedding last year, but things didn’t go as expected,” she explained calmly. “Life happened. But I believe in God’s timing. When the time is right, the wedding will happen.”
She was also clear about one thing: Terence did not refuse to marry her.
“That story of Terence saying no to the wedding—lies. Pure lies,” Milly said.
The couple insisted they don’t bow to pressure. Whether it’s from fans, family, or social media, they do things their way.
“If there are people who don’t live under pressure, it’s us,” Milly smiled. “We trust God’s plan. Harusi haitoroki.” (A wedding doesn’t run away.)
So, for now, fans will just have to wait. When it happens, it will be worth the wait.
Move over golf gossip, because Tiger Woods just made a love life announcement that even Hollywood would envy. Yep, the 15-time major champion has confirmed his relationship with Vanessa Trump, the former daughter-in-law of none other than Donald Trump.
You know it’s real when the Instagram captions get cheesy. Tiger posted a pic with Vanessa, declaring, “Love is in the air and life is better with you by my side!” If love is a golf course, they’re apparently on the 18th hole, holding hands, basking in a perfect sunset. Cute, right?
But let’s not ignore the elephant on the green. Vanessa, 47, was married to Donald Trump Jr. for 13 years, and they share five kids. Tiger, 49, has had his fair share of headline-worthy romances too. Remember the Lindsey Vonn era? The Erica Herman lawsuits? Ah, memories.
Love, Privacy, and… a Hard Launch?
While Tiger’s heartfelt caption included a plea for privacy, fans weren’t exactly buying it. I mean, when you hard launch a relationship to your millions of followers, what did you expect? One commenter said it best:
“Privacy but here’s my new girl.”
Another chimed in:
“Tiger did your account get hacked? Love is in the air? Bro, what?”
Honestly, fair questions. But hey, maybe this is Tiger’s way of flipping the narrative. No more sneaky paparazzi shots – just one bold, soft-lit Instagram moment.
Golf Courses, Presidential Medals, and Family Ties
Now, if you’re thinking, “Wait, aren’t Tiger and Trump buddies?” You’re absolutely right. The golfer and the former president have swung clubs together more times than we can count. Trump even gave Tiger the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2019, presumably for all his contributions to the golf world… and maybe the occasional meme-worthy golf cart moment.
And get this – Tiger’s son, Charlie, and Vanessa’s daughter, Kai Trump, are both junior golf stars. It’s like a mini PGA Tour inside the family.
“Next on ESPN: The Trump-Woods Junior Invitational!”
The Reactions? Priceless.
Social media had a field day with this one. From confusion to straight-up comedic genius, here are some gems:
“When I want to keep things private, I also make a public announcement. Classic move!”
“Tiger went from golf clubs to family clubs real quick.”
“I’m still reading this caption and trying to figure out what it means.”
Look, love is complicated. And when your dating history includes Olympic skiers, restaurant managers, and now the ex-wife of a Trump, it’s practically a Netflix drama.
What’s Next for the Lovebirds?
While Tiger is still recovering from an Achilles tendon injury, we might not see him on the greens for a while. But if you think this relationship won’t be the talk of the clubhouse, think again.
Vanessa, who’s stayed mostly out of the public eye since her divorce, seems to be enjoying her time with the golf legend. Will we see her caddying for Tiger in the next Masters? Doubtful. But hey, love has a way of surprising us all.
So, here’s to Tiger and Vanessa, proving that even in golf, sometimes you just need a mulligan. And maybe a little less social media next time.
Love is in the air, and so is the commentary. Let us know what you think – just try not to pull a Tiger and ask for privacy after!
There exists a natural balance between RESPECT for the old and CARE for the young. Those who are old bring experience while those who are young bring enthusiasm and creative innovation. This is the relationship that weaves together our ever evolving society.
This play is a hyperbole attempt to illustrate the widening gap between two generations; the old and the young. The artistic context is set in the Royal Velvet Emirates, a fictitious kingdom in the Middle East. In this Kingdom, the old have quickly lost trust of the younger generation. The young are agitated by the inflexible strictness of the old.
The balance is an inevitable compromise.
Character Biography
SULTAN
A tall energetic man in his prime time. He oozes all qualities of power and affluence. His gesticulation and elaborate movements paint him as an authoritative man in full control.
MAMA ANIFA
A woman steeped into religion. She demonstrates qualities of an over – protective mother saddened by the pain of her daughter’s mistake.
POLICE
The father to Anifa Imana. An overzealous security officer. He finds himself subconsciously conflicted between traditional attributes of a child and the realities of a new generational daughter.
MUSTAFA
The embodiment of a new generational innovator. He finds himself on the wrong side of the law and has to fight the stain of a revolutionary.
ANIFA IMANA
The personification of Artificial Intelligence. She has all the attributes of quantum computing and synthesized storage. She represents the future; a collaboration between nature and software.
IMAM
A representative of the cultural background in which strict Islamic rules are followed and executed.
TEMPO
Moderately fast
ILLUMINATION
Bright then dim
MooD
Predominantly that of uncertainty
Setting of Echoes of War by Cleophas Malala
Royal Palace of Arabic architecture with Walls of Gold and Stone; The palace rises from the desert sands, its walls a symphony of honey-colored stone and shimmering gold leaf. Intricate geometric patterns and flowing calligraphy adorn the facades, whispering tales of ancient dynasties. Precious stones, lead into sprawling courtyards. Inside the palace, richly woven carpets, silk tapestries, and glittering chandeliers. Walls are covered in intricate mosaics and hand-painted frescoes, depicting scenes of royal processions, epic battles, and mythical creatures. MISE EN SCENE
rostrums to, mark focal points. Acting space is determined by the scenic design available.
EXEGESIS
The police station stands as a symbol of both order and fragility in the midst of chaos. Its once-imposing facade is now scarred with bullet holes and graffiti, a testament to the violence that has engulfed the city. The windows, shattered and boarded up, offer glimpses of a ransacked interior, where desks lie overturned and files are scattered across the floor. A faint smell of dust and decay hangs in the air, mingling with the acrid scent of smoke.
Inside the police station, the atmosphere is tense and oppressive. Armed officers, their faces etched with weariness and suspicion, patrol the corridors, their eyes scanning the crowd of people seeking help or justice. The station’s cells, once meant to hold criminals, now house refugees and displaced families, their desperation palpable. The station’s function has shifted in this war-torn landscape. It’s no longer just a place to report crimes, but a refuge for the vulnerable and a symbol of what little authority remains. The officers, stretched thin and under-resourced, struggle to maintain order amidst the chaos, their efforts a beacon of hope in a sea of despair. Inside a police station cell. There is evidence of tight security. The Police Officer in charge of the station is taking the suspect’s testimony. There are vocal chants outside the police cells.
“Echoes of War” is a thought-provoking theatrical play set in the fictional Royal Velvet Emirates, an opulent Middle Eastern kingdom. At its heart, the play explores the growing generational divide, amplified by technological advancement, sociopolitical unrest, and the struggle for identity and relevance in an evolving society.
Also read Complete Script in PDF of the play Echoes of War.
The story opens by highlighting the natural balance that should exist between the wisdom of the old and the innovation of the young. However, in the Royal Velvet Emirates, this balance has been lost. The older generation, represented by figures like the Sultan, Mama Anifa, and the Police, is characterized by rigidity, suspicion, and nostalgia for control. In contrast, the youth, led by Mustafa, Anifa Imana, and their peers, are technologically adept, idealistic, and rebellious—demanding space for change, freedom, and identity.
Mustafa and the Arrest
Mustafa, a university student and innovative mind behind a telemedicine application, is wrongly arrested during a public demonstration. His father, a paramedic, is wounded by a stray bullet during the chaos, which the police try to justify as a consequence of “legitimate action.” Mustafa insists on his innocence, stating that he was only testing his medical app and assisting the injured. Nonetheless, his revolutionary ideas and actions put him at odds with the state’s narrative.
Anifa Imana: AI as a Metaphor
Anifa Imana, a central character, represents artificial intelligence itself—a blend of human curiosity and technological advancement. She is an enigma, both feared and admired. Anifa’s unexpected pregnancy, which causes outrage in her conservative family, becomes a metaphor. She declares she is “pregnant with expectations”—symbolizing the unfulfilled dreams, aspirations, and frustrations of her generation. This declaration marks a turning point in the play, where symbolism and metaphors critique societal norms and outdated traditions.
The Clash of Love and Tradition
The love story between Mustafa and Anifa is pivotal, symbolizing the union of tradition and technology. Anifa’s father, a rigid police officer, views Mustafa as a terrorist, exacerbating the generational conflict. Anifa’s declarations of love, combined with her rebellious stance, horrify her parents. She confronts them using high-tech devices like holographic womb projections, challenging their beliefs with both satire and emotional appeal.
Mustafa’s Rise and Fall
The tension shifts dramatically when Mustafa is summoned to the royal palace, where the Sultan recognizes him for his innovative project. Mustafa is declared the winner of a national innovation contest, awarded a palace, a substantial cash prize, and named Peace Ambassador. This recognition is short-lived. A sudden investigation into his social media history reveals content allegedly inciting unrest. The Sultan, feeling betrayed and pressured by his advisers, orders Mustafa’s execution to set an example.
The Control Room and the Youth Rebellion
Meanwhile, in a secret location known as the Control Room, Anifa and her generational friends coordinate a digital rebellion. Using propaganda and technological manipulation, they ignite public outrage across the nation—triggering strikes, protests, and the collapse of institutional control. Through hacking and information warfare, the youth expose the state’s vulnerability.
The control room becomes the nerve center of the generational movement, where Anifa showcases her immense intelligence by manipulating live feeds, generating fake pay slips to demoralize the police, and strategically fueling dissent. This reveals the younger generation’s grasp on digital tools and their ability to reshape narratives.
Xavier’s Complication
The subplot involving Xavier, Fatma’s online soulmate and later revealed as the Sultan’s son, adds complexity. Xavier’s presence in the control room risks exposing the rebellion. Despite suspicions that he may be a spy, he proves loyal. However, his connection to the royal family creates tension and vulnerability within the youth group.
War Breaks Loose
The authorities, led by the Sultan and the military, respond with brute force. The police station and ambulance are destroyed in violent clashes between the state and youth. Symbolically, institutions of care and justice—the police station and ambulance—are engulfed in flames, reflecting the systemic breakdown triggered by generational misunderstanding.
Xavier’s Injury and Telemedicine’s Redemption
Xavier is severely injured during the chaos. In a powerful moment, Mustafa and Anifa use the telemedicine application—once dismissed—to save his life. Drawing on virtual guidance from international doctors, including a Chinese surgeon and Indian first aid manuals, the youth demonstrate the app’s lifesaving potential. This act redeems Mustafa and underscores the power of youth-led innovation.
Reconciliation and Resolution
Witnessing this, the Sultan has a change of heart. He realizes that the rebellion was driven not by malice but by desperation and unacknowledged brilliance. The Sultan commends the youth for their ingenuity but criticizes their violent methods. Mustafa and Anifa express remorse, acknowledging that while their intentions were noble, their methods endangered lives.
In a powerful gesture of reconciliation, the Sultan announces the nationwide implementation of Mustafa’s telemedicine project. Anifa is appointed to work with the government on cybersecurity reforms. He declares the war over and calls for the rebuilding of the nation—this time with the youth integrated into the decision-making process.
Themes
Generational Conflict: At the core is the tension between the old and young, tradition vs. progress, and control vs. freedom.
Technology and Rebellion: Technology becomes both a weapon and a solution—used for both resistance and healing.
Love and Identity: The love between Anifa and Mustafa challenges societal norms and questions what truly defines belonging.
Power and Governance: The play critiques autocratic leadership and glorifies participatory governance that includes the youth.
Symbolism: Pregnancy as metaphor, the control room as a symbol of digital power, and destroyed institutions as signs of societal decay.
Stylistic Features
The play blends satire, drama, and futuristic elements. The use of holograms, technological jargon, and generational slang creates a vivid contrast between tradition and innovation. The characters often break the fourth wall, addressing the audience directly, enhancing engagement. The staging incorporates intense sound effects, military drills, digital projections, and symbolic lighting to portray emotional and political transitions.
Conclusion
“Echoes of War” is a layered narrative about revolution, reconciliation, and reform. It portrays a society on the brink of collapse, saved not by violence, but by understanding, inclusion, and innovation. The youth are not villains; they are visionaries. The play concludes with a powerful message: “Never again shall we dance to the echoes of war”—a call to prioritize unity over conflict, progress over prejudice, and dialogue over dictatorship.
East African social media is buzzing after socialite and entrepreneur Kibanja confirmed she’s officially single, just four months after her jaw-dropping, fairytale wedding that had everyone talking.
The revelation came via Instagram Stories, where Kibanja posted a cheeky video with the caption:
“When I’m feeling lonely because I’m single but then I remember… I’M SINGLE.”
And just like that, the internet went into full detective mode.
Fans were quick to interpret the post as confirmation of a breakup, and shortly after, Kibanja gave more clarity: she ended the marriage due to infidelity. In a series of emotional Instagram Stories, she accused her now-ex of cheating—a claim that sent shockwaves through her fanbase and beyond.
The split has left many stunned, especially considering the glam and glitz of their recent wedding. Remember that over-the-top celebration? Luxe décor, celeb guests, and PDA that screamed “forever”? Yeah, that’s the one.
While Kibanja hasn’t gone into full detail, her social media hints at a journey of healing, strength, and self-love. Her followers have flooded her comment section with messages of support, praising her courage for walking away and putting herself first.
Others, still in disbelief, are grappling with how fast it all unraveled, especially since their wedding came just two months after the couple got engaged.
Kibanja admitted even she’s shocked at how things turned out, telling fans the news “might sound crazy” even to her.
With speculation swirling and fans hungry for the full story, one thing’s clear: Kibanja’s not holding back—and this breakup saga is far from over.
William Ruto’s Cabinet in 2025 refers to the executive team appointed by President William Samoei Ruto to lead Kenya’s national government ministries and departments. The Cabinet is constituted under Article 152 of the Constitution of Kenya, which stipulates that the Cabinet comprises the President, Deputy President, Attorney General, and between 14 and 22 Cabinet Secretaries. Cabinet Secretaries are nominated by the President and must be vetted and approved by Parliament before formally assuming office.
The 2025 Cabinet followed significant restructuring in response to public protests and political changes, including the dismissal of the previous Cabinet in July 2024 and several rounds of appointments through early 2025.
Current Cabinet Secretaries (as of June 2025)
Name
Position
Dr. William Samoei Ruto
President
Prof. Kithure Kindiki
Deputy President
Ms. Dorcas Agik Oduor
Attorney General
Dr. Musalia Mudavadi
Prime Cabinet Secretary; Foreign & Diaspora Affairs
Onesmus Kipchumba Murkomen
Interior and National Administration
Davis Chirchir
Roads and Transport
Hassan Ali Joho
Mining, Blue Economy and Maritime Affairs
Aden Duale
Health
Alice Wahome
Lands, Public Works, Housing and Urban Development
Dr. Alfred Mutua
Labour and Social Protection
Julius Migos Ogamba
Education
Rebecca Miano
Tourism and Wildlife
Salim Mvurya
Youth Affairs, Creative Economy and Sports
Roselinda Soipan Tuya
Defence
Wycliffe Ambetsa Oparanya
Cooperatives and MSME Development
John Mbadi
National Treasury and Economic Planning
Eric Muriithi Muuga
Water, Sanitation and Irrigation
Dr. Deborah Mulongo Barasa
Environment, Climate Change and Forestry
Lee Maiyani Kinyanjui
Investments, Trade and Industry
Mutahi Kagwe
Agriculture and Livestock Development
James Opiyo Wandayi
Energy and Petroleum
William Kabogo Gitau
Information, Communication and the Digital Economy
Geoffrey Kiringa Ruku
Public Service and Human Capital Development
Beatrice Asukul Moe
East Africa Community and Regional Affairs
Mercy Kiiru Wanjau
Secretary to the Cabinet
Key Timeline of Nominations and Confirmations
11 July 2024: President Ruto dismisses entire Cabinet except for Musalia Mudavadi amid Kenya Finance Bill protests.
20 July 2024: Ruto announces nominations of a new Cabinet including six returning members.
1 November 2024: Kithure Kindiki sworn in as Deputy President following impeachment of Rigathi Gachagua.
17 January 2025: Mutahi Kagwe, Lee Kinyanjui, and William Kabogo appointed to key ministries.
26 March 2025: Justin Muturi dismissed; Geoffrey Ruku nominated to Public Service post.
Comparison to Prior Administrations
A chart comparing the composition of Ruto’s 2025 Cabinet to the 2022 Cabinet and Uhuru Kenyatta’s 2017 Cabinet would illustrate:
Increased regional diversity: Higher representation from coastal and western regions.
Gender balance: The proportion of female Cabinet Secretaries in 2025 stands at approximately 30%, compared to about 20% in the 2022 Cabinet.
Turnover rate: Over 80% of Ruto’s 2022 Cabinet was replaced during the 2024-2025 reshuffle, a significantly higher turnover than in previous transitions.
Cabinet Confirmation Process
The appointment of Cabinet Secretaries in Kenya follows this constitutional procedure:
Nomination: The President nominates individuals for Cabinet positions.
Vetting by Parliament: The National Assembly, through its Committee on Appointments, conducts background checks and interviews.
Parliamentary Approval: The National Assembly votes on whether to approve each nominee.
Swearing-in: Approved Cabinet Secretaries are formally sworn in before assuming their duties.
Recess Appointments: The Constitution does not provide for unilateral recess appointments; all Cabinet Secretaries must be approved by Parliament.
There are so many betting platforms in Kenya, thats why there is an increasing search for the best betting sites in Kenya.
Let’s not sugarcoat it. Betting in Kenya has exploded. What used to be a small-time weekend thrill has turned into a full-blown, billion-shilling industry.
In 2025, it’s not just about who’s betting, it’s about where, how, and what features you’re getting for your money.
With mobile-first platforms, bold promos, and live betting during every Premier League game, punters today are spoiled for choice. But not every betting site is worth your airtime or your money. Some talk big and deliver little. Others stay quiet and let their numbers do the talking.
This list? It’s built on facts. Real traffic. Real user experience. Welcome bonuses, sports market depth, and whether you can actually place a live bet without your screen freezing. That’s what matters.
Here are the top 10 betting sites in Kenya in 2025—ranked by what they actually offer.
1. 1xBet – Variety King With the Biggest Bonus
Welcome Bonus: 100% up to KES 15,000
Sports Markets: 1000+
Live Betting: Yes
If you want options, 1xBet is the buffet of online betting. From the English Premier League to cricket in India and MMA in the US, this site offers more than 1,000 sports markets. That’s not hype. It’s wild.
You can bet in shillings, deposit with M-Pesa, and even try your luck with cryptocurrency. Live streaming, quick cash-out, global odds, and sleek mobile design—it’s all there.
New to the scene but already making noise, 1Win’s insane 500% welcome bonus makes it one of the most attractive betting sites right now.
Their platform is clean, fast, and modern, with coverage across hundreds of sports. Whether you’re watching Champions League or betting on volleyball, the experience is smooth.
What bettors love:
Huge welcome bonus
Slick mobile-first site
Deep sports coverage
3. Dafabet – East Africa’s Hidden Gem
Welcome Bonus: 100% up to KES 10,000
Sports Markets: 600+
Live Betting: Yes
Dafabet’s not flashy. But it’s solid. Built with real bettors in mind, this platform gives sharp odds, consistent payouts, and a desktop experience that’s actually worth using.
They’re big in Asia and now rising fast in Africa. The bonus is decent, the layout feels professional, and live betting is fast and reliable.
Best for:
Consistent odds
Multi-sport punters
Cross-continent reach
4. WinPesa – Local and Loud
Welcome Bonus: 200% up to KES 20,000
Sports Markets: 500+
Live Betting: Yes
WinPesa is unapologetically Kenyan. Big promos, local matches, and fast M-Pesa withdrawals make it one to watch in 2025.
The 200% bonus is one of the best on this list, and the site is built for speed—even on low-end phones. Whether you’re backing Gor Mahia or chasing that 90th-minute goal, it’s got you covered.
What works:
Bold bonus
Local market focus
Strong mobile speed
5. KessBet – The People’s Choice
Welcome Bonus: 150% up to KES 12,000
Sports Markets: 400+
Live Betting: Yes
KessBet doesn’t chase fame—it chases function. And it’s winning.
Simple to use, fast to load, and designed for punters in rural and peri-urban areas, KessBet just works. The 150% bonus sweetens the deal, especially for first-time bettors.
Why it stands out:
Community-first approach
Easy interface
Consistent user growth
6. Betway – Global Class, Local Support
Welcome Bonus: 100% up to KES 10,000
Sports Markets: 700+
Live Betting: Yes
Betway has been in the game long enough to know what matters—reliable payouts, good odds, and top-notch customer service. It is one of the best betting sites in Kenya, in our list, it comes up at number 6.
Their platform is clean, the app works flawlessly, and when it comes to live betting during big games, they rarely miss. If you’re into EPL, NBA, or even UFC, this is a go-to.
Highlights:
Global brand trust
Strong mobile and desktop UX
Great for live bets
7. SportPesa – The OG Returns
Welcome Bonus: 100% up to KES 5,000
Sports Markets: 300+
Live Betting: Yes
SportPesa was once the king—and while it took a hit in 2019, 2025 feels like a comeback year. Local sponsorships, big jackpots, and solid odds are drawing in old and new bettors alike. Sill, SportPesa stands out as one of the best betting sites in Kenya.
If you miss the glory days of SportPesa, now’s a good time to check back in.
Still relevant because:
Trusted name
Focus on Kenyan football
Decent bonus for re-starters
8. Betin – Quiet But Reliable
Welcome Bonus: 100% up to KES 5,000
Sports Markets: 250+
Live Betting: Yes
Betin isn’t loud, but it does the job. Think of it like that shop in your estate that’s always open—even when others are down. That’s Betin.
Simple design, strong customer support, and a smooth betting flow. It’s a solid pick for punters who want less noise and more action.
Good for:
Casual bettors
Simple experience
No distractions
9. Odibets – Still Holding It Down
Welcome Bonus: 150% up to KES 7,500
Sports Markets: 200+
Live Betting: Yes
Odibets still owns the low-data space. With lightning-fast loading on 3G and easy USSD options, it’s ideal for punters betting from feature phones or limited bandwidth areas.
Their free bet offers and local partnerships have kept them in the game, even as competition stiffens.
Where it wins:
USSD and SMS betting
Localized promos
Low-bandwidth users
10. Mozzart Bet – Odds That Speak Loudest
Welcome Bonus: 100% up to KES 10,000
Sports Markets: 350+
Live Betting: Yes
If you care more about odds than flashy apps, Mozzart Bet is your guy. Known for pushing some of the highest odds on major leagues, it’s built for punters who want better returns.
Live betting is smooth, and their growth over the past year proves they’re here to stay.
Best for:
Odds hunters
Football die-hards
Simple, functional layout
How We Ranked These Sites
No fluff. Just data and experience:
Welcome Bonuses – How generous are they, and do they work?
Sports Coverage – Can you bet on what you care about?
Live Betting – Is it fast, smooth, and responsive?
User Experience – Mobile-first, clean UI, local languages
Market Focus – Are they really built for Kenyan punters?
Quick Comparison Table
Rank
Betting Site
Bonus
Sports Markets
Live Betting
1
1xBet
100% up to KES 15,000
1000+
Yes
2
1Win
500% up to KES 80,000
800+
Yes
3
Dafabet
100% up to KES 10,000
600+
Yes
4
WinPesa
200% up to KES 20,000
500+
Yes
5
KessBet
150% up to KES 12,000
400+
Yes
6
Betway
100% up to KES 10,000
700+
Yes
7
SportPesa
100% up to KES 5,000
300+
Yes
8
Betin
100% up to KES 5,000
250+
Yes
9
Odibets
150% up to KES 7,500
200+
Yes
10
Mozzart Bet
100% up to KES 10,000
350+
Yes
Final Word: Which One’s for You?
Want huge bonuses? 1Win and WinPesa are unbeatable.
Crave variety? 1xBet and Dafabet have you covered.
Need a no-data experience? Odibets and KessBet shine.
Chasing big odds? Mozzart Bet leads there.
Betting on trust? Betway and SportPesa are your safe bets.
Just one last thing—always check for BCLB licensing, understand your taxes (yes, Kenya still takes 20% off both your bet and your win), and never bet more than you’re ready to lose.
This is a game, not a retirement plan.
So, which one are you using in 2025? Let’s hear your pick below.
Investing in your future is one of the most important decisions you can make, and as a young person in Kenya, you have a wide range of opportunities to grow your wealth. Here are the top 10 best investment opportunities for the youth in Kenya.
1. Stocks and equities: Investing in stocks and equities can be a great way to grow your wealth over time. Look for reputable and established companies to invest in and consider seeking advice from a financial advisor.
2. Real Estate: Kenya’s real estate market is growing, and investing in property can be a great way to generate passive income. Consider investing in rental properties or even buying land for future development.
Mutual funds: A mutual fund is a professionally managed investment that pools money from many investors to purchase securities. They offer a convenient and affordable way to invest in a diverse range of assets.
Savings and fixed deposit accounts: For those who prefer low-risk investments, saving and fixed deposit accounts can be a good option. They offer a guaranteed return on investment and are insured by the government.
Agricultural investments: Agriculture is one of the biggest industries in Kenya, and investing in agricultural ventures such as farming or agribusiness can be a lucrative opportunity.
Cryptocurrencies: Cryptocurrency is a digital asset designed to work as a medium of exchange. Bitcoin and Ethereum are two popular cryptocurrencies in Kenya, but it’s important to do your research and understand the risks before investing.
Microfinance: Microfinance is a form of finance aimed at providing small loans to underserved communities. Investing in microfinance organizations can help to support economic development and offer a return on investment.
Start-ups: Investing in start-ups can be a great way to support the growth of local businesses and potentially earn a return on investment. Look for start-ups in industries with strong growth potential.
Government bonds: Government bonds are a low-risk investment that offer a guaranteed return. Consider investing in government bonds to provide a stable source of income.
Index funds: An index fund is a type of mutual fund that tracks a specific stock market index, such as the NSE 20 Share Index. Investing in index funds can provide exposure to a wide range of stocks, with lower fees compared to actively managed funds.
In conclusion, there are many investment opportunities for young people in Kenya. It’s important to understand your financial goals and risk tolerance before making an investment. Consider seeking advice from a financial advisor and diversifying your investments to minimize risk.
